Simone Steffan RETKVA; Adriana Regina de Jesus SANTOS and Sandra Aparecida Pires FRANCO
Nuances: Estudos sobre Educação, Presidente Prudente, v. 34, n. 00, e023021, 2023. e-ISSN: 2236-0441
DOI: https://doi.org/10.32930/nuances.v34i00.10279 7
This is because signs, or words, represent real connections and, therefore, can attribute
an ideological meaning. For example, bread and wine, which are consumer products, can also
be seen as religious symbols. Therefore, any sign can be subjected to an ideological position.
"Everything ideological possesses a meaning and remits to something situated outside itself. In
other words, everything ideological is a sign. Without signs, there is no ideology" (BAKHTIN;
VOLOCHINOV, 2006, p. 29, our translation). Similarly, what is ideological has a semiotic
value, a meaning according to the context in which it is inserted.
Thus, the sign is not merely a component of reality, as it is a phenomenon of the external
world that reflects and refracts it. In other words, it can be faithful or distorted, incorporating
only a single perspective (BAKHTIN; VOLOCHINOV, 2006, p. 29).
Logo, o enunciado não é puramente individual, pois é de natureza social e não se
encontra distante de um contexto social. Portanto, a língua não é composta por um complexo
abstrato de qualidades e também não se trata de um monólogo ou uma ação psicofisiológica.
Refere-se a um fenômeno social da interação verbal que se realiza por meio da enunciação, isto
é, pela manifestação do indivíduo, no qual ocorre uma relação dialógica e responsiva com
outros enunciados. Ela transcorre no diálogo entre sujeitos sem ser necessariamente por meio
da comunicação oral (BAKHTIN; VOLOCHINOV, 2006).
With this in mind, reading precedes writing, since even before knowing how to write,
we recognize and decipher the social system of signs. It is the reading of the world that occurs
through images, signs, symbols, gestures, speech, among others. Therefore, we understand the
function of written language even before discovering the alphabetic code (MANGUEL, 1997).
In view of this, literary reading is formed with the same elements of verbal
communication; they are active discussions in which the reader analyzes, comments, and
internally criticizes. Moreover, it is the result of pre-existing manifestations in the same field
of action from the author himself or others; that is, it stems from a problem, a particular
situation, or a style of literary production. Thus, "[...] the written discourse is in a certain way
an integral part of a large-scale ideological discussion: it responds to something, refutes,
confirms, anticipates potential responses and objections, seeks support, etc." (BAKHTIN;
VOLOCHINOV, 2006, p. 126, our translation).
Therefore, reading provides a dialogue, as it not only requires receptivity but a transfer
of the book to the reader. In reading, the reader consolidates themselves as the other in the
dialogue and apprehends the attribution of meaning, and by establishing meaning as the other,