Desenvolvimento e aplicação de um índice de sustentabilidade para o atendimento e qualidade da água nos municípios das bacias PCJ

Abstract

The efficient coverage of water in quantity and quality is a latent concern nowadays – it signals the need for a sustainable management of water resources, while the use of synthetic indicators and the construction of new indicators help in this process. The present research has as objective the proposition of a Sustainability Index for the Service and Quality of the water for all the municipalities inserted in the Watersheds of the Piracicaba, Capivari and Jundiaí Rivers. Methodologically, exploratory and explanatory research was used, under a quali-quantitative approach and case study, supported by multivariate analysis. The Piracicaba, Capivari and Jundiaí River Watersheds were chosen as the object of study, in view of the strong influence on the region, as well as the significant economic and demographic activities. Data were collected for the ten indicators from the National Sanitation Information System for the year 2021. From the consolidation of the dataset of the selected indicators, it was possible to apply the multivariate technique of factorial analysis, and from the factorial scores to construct the Sustainability Index for Service and Water Quality and subsequent ranking of observations. As a result, it is possible to infer that the region faces complex challenges in relation to the service and water quality for most municipalities, especially regarding the effects of water stress in certain Basins. In addition, it was possible to identify that the municipalities of Campinas, Piracicaba and Americana stand out with the best indexes, unlike Corumbataí, Monte Alegre do Sul and Rio das Pedras, which present the greatest challenges.

Keywords: Water service. Water quality. Sustainability indicators. Indicators. PCJ basins.